Kukhazikitsa, Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Kusamalira Buku la ASME Ball Valve

1. Kukula

Bukuli limaphatikizapo magetsi, opareshoni, opangira ma pneumatic, opangira ma hydraulic ndi mafuta amagetsi ogwiritsira ntchito ma flanged olumikizira ma batu atatu opangira ma trunnion ndi ma valves ampira otetemera okhala ndi NPS 8 ~ 36 & Class 300 ~ 2500.

2. Mafotokozedwe Akatundu

2.1 Zofunikira paukadaulo

2.1.1 Design ndi kupanga muyezo: API 6D, ASME B16.34

2.1.2 Kutha kumapeto muyezo wolumikizana: ASME B16.5

2.1.3 Maso ndi nkhope gawo: ASME B16.10

2.1.4 Mulingo wanyengo yotentha: ASME B16.34

2.1.5 Kuyendera ndi kuyesa (kuphatikiza kuyesa kwama hydraulic): API 6D

2.1.6 Kuyesa kwamoto: API 607

2.1.7 Sulfa kukana kukonza ndikuwunika zinthu (zogwira ntchito yowawa): NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156

2.1.8 Kuyesa kothawirako (kotheka ndi ntchito yowawa): malinga ndi BS EN ISO 15848-2 Class B.

2.2 Kapangidwe ka valavu ya mpira

Chithunzi1 Zidutswa zitatu zopangira ma trunnion mpira mavavu okhala ndi magetsi

Chithunzi2 zidutswa zitatu linapanga mavavu trunnion mpira ndi actuated pneumatic

Chithunzi3 Zidutswa zitatu zopangira ma trunnion mpira mavavu okhala ndi hydraulic actuated

Figure4 Mavavu ampira wokwanira ndi welded pneumatic

Chithunzi5 Kumizidwa mavavu ampira wokwanira ndi mafuta-gasi oyenda

Chithunzi6 Mavavu ampira wokwanira ndi mafuta-gasi oyendetsedwa

3. Kuyika

3.1 Kukonzekera koyambirira

(1) Maipi awiri akumapeto a valve akhala okonzeka. Kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa payipi kuyenera kukhala kophatikizana, mawonekedwe awiri osindikizira akuyenera kufanana.

(2) Mapaipi oyera, dothi la mafuta, slag, ndi zonyansa zina zonse ziyenera kuchotsedwa.

(3) Chongani chodetsa cha valavu mpira kuzindikira mavavu mpira bwino. Valavu idzatsegulidwa kwathunthu ndikutseka kwathunthu kutsimikizira kuti ikugwira bwino ntchito.

(4) Chotsani zida zodzitetezera polumikizira kumapeto kwa valavu.

(5) Yang'anani potsegula valavu ndi kuyeretsa bwinobwino. Zinthu zakunja pakati pa mphete / mpando wa valavu ndi mpira, ngakhale granule atha kuwononga mpando wa valavu wosindikiza nkhope.

（6） Asanakhazikitsidwe, yang'anani mosamala dzina la mbaleyo kuti muwonetsetse mtundu wa valavu, kukula kwake, zinthu zakutulo ndi magwiridwe antchito otentha ndizoyenera payipi.

（7, Musanakhazikitsidwe, yang'anani mabotolo onse ndi mtedza polumikizana ndi valavu kuti mutsimikizire kuti yamangidwa.

（8 movement Kuyenda mosamala poyendetsa, kuponya kapena kuponya sikuloledwa.

3.2 Kuyika

(1) Valavu yoyika payipi. Kuti mupeze zofunikira pakuyenda kwa valavu, zitsimikizirani zakumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa mtsinje molingana ndi malangizo a valavu kuti ayikidwe.

(2) Pakati pa flange ya valve ndi payipi payenera kukhazikitsidwa ma gaskets kutengera zofunikira pakupanga kwa payipi.

(3) Mabotolo a Flange amayenera kukhala ofanana, otsatizana, omata mofanana

(4) Mavavu olumikizira ma buti azikwaniritsa zofunikira izi akalumikizidwa kuti ayikepo mapaipi patsamba:

a. Kuwotcherera kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi wowotcherera yemwe ali ndi satifiketi yoyenerera ya welder yovomerezedwa ndi State Boiler and Pressure Vessel Authority; kapena wowotcherera amene wapeza satifiketi yoyenerera ya wowotcherera yotchulidwa mu ASME Vol. Ⅸ.

b. Njira zowotcherera ziyenera kusankhidwa monga zafotokozedwera m'buku lazokutsimikizirani zakuthupi

c. Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala, magwiridwe antchito komanso kukana kwazitsulo kwazitsulo zazitsulo zosungika ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana ndi chitsulo cham'munsi

(5) Mukakweza ndi chikwama kapena khosi la valavu ndi chingwe chomangirira pachingwe chomwe chili pafupi ndi gudumu, bokosi lamagalimoto kapena zida zina siziloledwa. Komanso kumapeto kwa mavavu kuyenera kutetezedwa kuti zisawonongeke.

(6) Thupi la valavu yampira wa welded limachokera kumapeto kwa matako 3 "nthawi iliyonse kunja kwa kutentha kotentha sikuyenera kupitirira 200 ℃. Pamaso pa kuwotcherera, amayenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti ateteze zosayera monga slag wowotchera akagwera panjanji yamthupi kapena kusindikiza mpando. Payipi amene anatumiza tcheru dzimbiri sing'anga ayenera kumwedwa china chotulutsa kuuma muyeso. Kuuma kwa msoko wowotcherera ndi zinthu zoyambira sizoposa HRC22.

(7) Mukakhazikitsa ma valve ndi ma actuator, olamulira a wortator worm amayenera kukhala ofanana ndi olamulira a payipi

3.3 Kuyendera mukatha kukhazikitsa

(1) Kutsegula ndi kutseka nthawi 3 ~ 5 yamagetsi ndi ma actuator sayenera kutsekedwa ndipo imatsimikizira kuti ma valve amatha kugwira bwino ntchito.

(2) Kulumikizana kwa flange pakati pa payipi ndi valavu ya mpira kuyenera kuwunikidwa momwe akusindikiza malinga ndi zofunikira za kapangidwe ka payipi.

(3) Pambuyo pokonza, kuthamanga kwa mayendedwe kapena payipi, valavu iyenera kukhala yotseguka bwino.

4 .Operation, kusunga ndi kukonza

4.1 Valavu ya mpira ndi 90 ° yotsegulira ndi kutseka mtundu, valavu ya mpira imagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha ndipo saigwiritsa ntchito kusintha! Siziloledwa kuti valavu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazotentha pamwambapa ndi malire komanso kupsinjika kwakanthawi, kutentha ndi magwiridwe antchito. Gulu lakutentha-kutentha lidzakhala molingana ndi ASME B16.34 Standard. Ma bolts amayenera kumangidwanso pakagwa kutuluka kotentha kwambiri. Musalole kuti izi zitheke potengera zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chapanikizika kwambiri sizilola kuti zizioneka kutentha kwambiri. Opangawo ndi osasamala ngati ngozi ichitika chifukwa chophwanya malamulo.

4.2 Wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kudzaza mafuta (mafuta) pafupipafupi ngati pali mavavu amafuta omwe ali amtundu wa lube. Nthawi iyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kutseguka kwa valavu, nthawi zambiri kamodzi pakatha miyezi itatu; ngati pali mavavu amafuta omwe ali amtundu wa chisindikizo, mafuta osindikiza kapena kulongedza kofewa kuyenera kudzazidwa munthawi yake ngati ogwiritsa ntchito apeza kutayikira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe kutayikira. Wogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse amasamalira zida zake zili bwino! Ngati pali zovuta zamtundu wina munthawi ya chitsimikizo (malinga ndi mgwirizano), wopanga amayenera kupita pamalo pomwepo kuti akathetse vutolo. Ngati nthawi yochulukirapo (malinga ndi mgwirizano), wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akangotifunsa kuti tithetse vutoli, tidzapita pomwepo ndikukathetsa vutolo.

4.3 Kutembenuka koyenda molingana ndi mavavu oyendetsera ntchito kudzatsekedwa ndipo kuzungulira kwa ma valve oyenda mozungulira kudzakhala kotseguka. Njira zina, batani loyang'anira ndi malangizo akuyenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi kusintha kwamagetsi. Ndipo kupewa ntchito yolakwika kupewa kupewa. Opanga sakhala osamala chifukwa cha zolakwika pantchito.

4.4 Ma Valves amayenera kukhala osamalidwa atagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nkhope yosindikiza ndikumva kuwawa ziyenera kuwunikidwa pafupipafupi, monga ngati kulongedza ndikukalamba kapena kulephera; ngati thupi likuchitika dzimbiri. Ngati zomwe zatchulidwazi zikuchitika, ndi nthawi yake kukonza kapena kusintha.

4.5 Ngati sing'angayo ndi madzi kapena mafuta, akuti ma valve ayenera kuwunikidwa ndikusamalidwa miyezi itatu iliyonse. Ndipo ngati sing'anga ikuwononga, akuti magetsi onse kapena gawo la ma valve liyenera kufufuzidwa ndikusamalidwa mwezi uliwonse.

4.6 Valavu ya mpira nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda matenthedwe. Pakatikati pakakhala kutentha kapena kutentha pang'ono, pamwamba pa valavu sikuloledwa kukhudza kuti zisawonongeke kapena kuzizira.

4.7 Pamwamba pa mavavu ndi tsinde ndi ziwalo zina zimaphimba mosavuta fumbi, mafuta komanso wotenga kachilombo. Ndipo valavu iyenera kukhala yotupa ndi dzimbiri mosavuta; ngakhale imayambitsidwa ndi kutentha kwa mkangano ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale mpweya wophulika. Chifukwa chake valavu imayenera kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino.

4.8 Pokonza ndi kukonza mavavu, chimodzimodzi ndi kukula koyambirira ndi ma o-mphete, ma gaskets, mabatani ndi mtedza ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. O-mphete ndi ma gasket amagetsi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kukonza ndi kukonza zida zina pogula.

4.9 Ndizoletsedwa kuchotsa mbale yolumikizira m'malo mwa ma bolts, mtedza ndi o-mphete pomwe valavu ili pamavuto. Pambuyo pazomangira, ma bolts, mtedza kapena o-mphete, ma valve amatha kugwiritsanso ntchito atasindikiza mayeso.
4.10 Mwambiri, magawo amkati a mavavu amayenera kukonzedwa ndikukonzanso, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zaopanga m'malo.

4.11 Ma valve amayenera kusonkhanitsidwa ndikusinthidwa ma valve atakonzedwa. Ndipo ayenera kuyesedwa atasonkhana.

4.12 Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti wogwiritsa ntchito azikonzanso valavu. Ngati zida zakukakamiza zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo ngozi yomwe ingachitike idzachitika, ngakhale zimakhudzanso chitetezo cha wogwiritsa ntchito. Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusintha valavu yatsopano munthawi yake.

4.13 Malo owotcherera ma valve pama payipi saloledwa kukonzanso.

4.14 Mavavu apayipi saloledwa kupopera; ndi kungoyenda komanso ngati cholemetsa chilichonse.

4.15 malekezero ayenera okutidwa ndi chishango m'chipinda chouma komanso chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, kuti muwonetsetse kuti patsekeke pamawonongeka.

4.16 mavavu akulu amayenera kukwezedwa pamwamba ndipo sangathe kulumikizana ndi nthaka akamasungira panja Komanso, chinyezi chopanda madzi chikuyenera kuzindikiridwa.

4.17 Valavu yosungitsa yayitali ikagwiritsidwanso ntchito, kulongedza kuyenera kufufuzidwa ngati sikuli kolondola ndikudzaza mafuta amafuta m'malo ozungulira.

4.18 Momwe zinthu zikuyendera pa valavu ziyenera kukhala zoyera, chifukwa zimatha kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yake.

4.19 Valavu yosungira kwa nthawi yayitali iyenera kuwunika pafupipafupi ndikuchotsa dothi. Malo osindikizira ayenera kumvera kuti akhale oyera kuti asawonongeke.

4.20 Zolemba zoyambirira zimasungidwa; Pamwamba pa mavavu, shaft shaft ndi flange malo osindikizira a flange ayenera kumvetsera.

4.21 Malo otsekemera amaloledwa kutulutsa pamene kutsegula ndi kutseka sikufika pamalo omwe apatsidwa.

5. Mavuto omwe angakhalepo, zoyambitsa ndi njira zothanirana (onani fomu 1)

Fomu 1 Mavuto omwe angakhalepo, zoyambitsa ndi njira zothetsera mavuto

Chidziwitso: Wothandizira ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chofunikira ndi chidziwitso pamavavu