1. General
Valavu yamtunduwu imapangidwa kuti ikhale yotsegula ndi kutseka kuti ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapaipi a mafakitale.
2. Kufotokozera Kwazinthu
2.1 Zofunikira zaukadaulo
2.1.1 Design ndi Manufacture Standard: API 600, API 602
2.1.2 Connection Dimension Standard: ASME B16.5 etc
2.1.3 Face to Face Dimension Standard: ASME B16.10
2.1.4 Kuyang'ana ndi Kuyesa: API 598 etc
2.1.5 Kukula: DN10 ~ 1200, Kupanikizika: 1.0 ~ 42MPa
2.2 Vavu iyi ili ndi kugwirizana kwa flange, BW kugwirizana Buku ntchito kuponya mavavu pachipata. Tsinde limayenda molunjika. Chipata cha chipata chimatseka chitoliro pamene gudumu lamanja likuzungulira koloko. Chipata cha chipata chimatsegula chitolirocho pozungulira mozungulira mawotchi amanja.
2.3 Chonde onetsani kapangidwe ka chithunzichi
2.4 Zigawo Zazikulu ndi Zakuthupi
| NAME | ZOCHITIKA |
| Thupi /Bonnet | WCB,LCB,WC6,WC9,CF3,CF3M CF8,CF8M |
| Geti | WCB,LCB,WC6,WC9,CF3,CF3M CF8,CF8M |
| Mpando | A105, LF2, F11, F22, F304 (304L), F316 (316L) |
| Tsinde | F304 (304L), F316 (316L), 2Cr13, 1Cr13 |
| Kulongedza | Ma graphite oluka & Flexible graphite & PTFE etc |
| Bolt / Nut | 35/25, 35CrMoA/45 |
| Gasket | 304 (316)+Graphite /304(316)+Gasket |
| MpandoMphete/Disiki/Kusindikiza | 13Cr, 18Cr-8Ni, 18Cr-8Ni-Mo,PP,PTFE,STL etc. |
3. Kusungirako & Kukonza & Kuyika & Ntchito
3.1 Kusunga & Kusamalira
3.1.1 Mavavu ayenera kusungidwa m'malo amkati. Mapeto a pabowo ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi pulagi.
3.1.2 Kuyang'ana nthawi ndi nthawi kumafunika ma valve osungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka posindikiza kuyeretsa pamwamba. Palibe kuwonongeka komwe kumaloledwa. Kupaka mafuta kumapemphedwa kuti apewe dzimbiri pamakina apamwamba.
3.1.3 Ponena za kusungirako valavu kuposa miyezi 18, mayesero amafunikira musanayambe kuika ma valve ndi kulemba zotsatira.
3.1.4 Mavavu ayenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndi kusamalidwa pambuyo poika. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi izi:
1) Kusindikiza pamwamba
2) Mtedza ndi tsinde
3）Kunyamula
4）Kuyeretsa mkati mwa Thupi ndi Bonnet.
3.2 Kuyika
3.2.1 Yang'ananinso zolembera za valve (Mtundu, DN, Magawo, Zida) zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zolemba zomwe zafunsidwa ndi mapaipi.
3.2.2 Kuyeretsa kwathunthu kwa zibowo ndi zotsekera kumafunsidwa musanakhazikitse ma valve.
3.2.3 Onetsetsani kuti mabawuti ali olimba musanayike.
3.2.4 Onetsetsani kuti zonyamula ndi zothina musanayike. Komabe, siziyenera kusokoneza kayendedwe ka tsinde.
3.2.5 Malo a valve ayenera kukhala abwino kuti awonedwe ndikugwira ntchito. Chopingasa kupita ku mapaipi ndimakonda. Sungani gudumu lamanja mmwamba ndi tsinde molunjika.
3.2.6 Kwa valavu yotseka, sikoyenera kuti ayike pamtunda wothamanga kwambiri. Tsinde liyenera kupewedwa kuti liwonongeke.
3.2.7 Pa valavu yowotcherera Socket, chidwi chimafunsidwa pakulumikiza ma valve motere:
1) Welder ayenera kutsimikiziridwa.
2).
3）Zinthu zodzaza mzere wowotcherera, magwiridwe antchito amakina ndi anti-corrosion ayenera kukhala ofanana ndi zida za makolo.
3.2.8 Kuyika ma valve kumayenera kupewa kuthamanga kwambiri kuchokera ku zomata kapena mapaipi.
3.2.9 Pambuyo kukhazikitsa, mavavu ayenera kutsegulidwa panthawi yoyesa kuthamanga kwa mapaipi.
3.2.10 Mfundo Yothandizira: ngati chitolirocho chili cholimba mokwanira kuti chithandizire kulemera kwa valve ndi torque ya ntchito, malo othandizira safunsidwa. Apo ayi pakufunika.
3.2.11 Kukweza: Kukweza gudumu lamanja sikuloledwa kwa mavavu.
3.3 Ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito
3.3.1 Ma valve a zipata ayenera kutsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu pakagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti apewe mphete yosindikizira mipando ndi ma disc omwe amayamba chifukwa cha sing'anga yothamanga kwambiri. Iwo sangakhoze kuimbidwa mlandu chifukwa cha kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.
3.3.2 Gudumu lamanja liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa zida zina zotsegula kapena kutseka ma valve
3.3.3 Pa kutentha kwautumiki wololedwa, kupanikizika nthawi yomweyo kuyenera kukhala kochepa kusiyana ndi kukakamizidwa molingana ndi ASME B16.34
3.3.4 Palibe kuwonongeka kapena kugunda komwe kumaloledwa panthawi yoyendetsa valve, kuika ndi kugwira ntchito.
3.3.5 Chida choyezera kuti chiyang'ane kuyenda kosasunthika chikufunsidwa kuti chiwongolere ndikuchotsa chinthu chowonongeka kuti chiteteze kuwonongeka kwa valve ndi kutuluka.
3.3.6 Kuzizira kozizira kumakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa valve, ndipo zida zoyezera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kutentha kwa kutuluka kapena kusintha valavu.
3.3.7 Pazinthu zamadzimadzi zomwe zimatha kuyaka zokha, gwiritsani ntchito zida zoyezera zoyenera kuti mutsimikizire kuti pali mphamvu yozungulira komanso yogwira ntchito kuti isapitirire poyatsira moto (makamaka zindikirani kuwala kwadzuwa kapena moto wakunja).
3.3.8 Pakakhala madzi owopsa, monga zophulika, zoyaka moto, zapoizoni, zotulutsa okosijeni, ndizoletsedwa kutengera kulongedza mopanikizika. Mulimonsemo, pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, sikuvomerezeka kuti musinthe kulongedza pansi pa kukakamizidwa (ngakhale valve ili ndi ntchito yotere).
3.3.9 Onetsetsani kuti madziwo sali odetsedwa, omwe amakhudza ntchito ya valve, osaphatikizapo zolimba zolimba, mwinamwake zida zoyenera zoyezera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa dothi ndi zolimba zolimba, kapena m'malo mwake ndi mtundu wina wa valve.
3.3.10 Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha
| Zakuthupi | Kutentha | Zakuthupi | Kutentha |
| Mtengo WCB | -29 -425 ℃ | WC6 ndi | -29 -538 ℃ |
| Zithunzi za LCB | -46-343 ℃ | WC9 pa | -29℃570℃ |
| CF3 (CF3M) | -196-454 ℃ | CF8 (CF8M) | -196-454 ℃ |
3.3.11 Onetsetsani kuti zida za mavavu ndi zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi dzimbiri komanso dzimbiri poteteza madzi.
3.3.12 Munthawi yautumiki, yang'anani momwe ntchito yosindikizira ikuyendera molingana ndi tebulo ili m'munsimu:
| Malo oyendera | Kutayikira |
| Kulumikizana pakati pa thupi la valve ndi bonnet ya valve | Zero |
| Kunyamula chisindikizo | Zero |
| Mpando wa thupi la vavu | Monga mwaukadaulo waukadaulo |
3.3.13 Yang'anani nthawi zonse ngati mtengo wapampando wavala, kulongedza ukalamba ndi kuwonongeka.
3.3.14 Pambuyo pokonza, phatikizaninso ndikusintha valavu, ndiye yesani kulimba kwa ntchito ndikulemba zolemba.
4. Mavuto omwe angakhalepo, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira zothetsera
| Kufotokozera zavuto | Chifukwa chotheka | Njira zowongolera |
| Kutayikira pakulongedza | Zosakwanira wothinikizidwa kulongedza katundu | Limbitsaninso mtedza wolongedza |
| Kuchuluka kwapang'onopang'ono | Onjezani zolongedza zambiri | |
| Kuwonongeka kolongedza katundu chifukwa cha ntchito yanthawi yayitali kapena chitetezo chosayenera | Bwezerani kulongedza katundu | |
| Kutayikira pa nkhope yokhala ndi ma valve | Nkhope yakuda yokhala pansi | Chotsani litsiro |
| Nkhope yokhala pansi yovala | Konzani kapena sinthani mphete yapampando kapena mbale ya valve | |
| Nkhope yokhala pansi yowonongeka chifukwa cha zolimba zolimba | Chotsani zolimba mumadzimadzi, sinthani mphete yapampando kapena mbale ya valve, kapena sinthani ndi mtundu wina wa vavu | |
| Kutaya pakulumikizana pakati pa thupi la valve ndi boneti ya vavu | Maboti samamangidwa bwino | Mangani mabawuti mofanana |
| Kuwonongeka kwa bonnet yosindikiza nkhope ya ma valve ndi ma valve flange | Konzani | |
| Gasket yowonongeka kapena yosweka | Bwezerani gasket | |
| Kuzungulira kovuta kwa gudumu lamanja kapena mbale ya valve sikungatsegulidwe kapena kutsekedwa. | Kulongedza molimba kwambiri | Moyenera kumasula ananyamula nati |
| Kusintha kapena kupindika kwa gland yosindikiza | Sinthani cholumikizira chosindikizira | |
| Nati ya tsinde ya vavu yowonongeka | Konzani ulusi ndikuchotsani zakuda | |
| Ulusi wa nati wa nati wosweka kapena wosweka | Bwezerani mtedza wa tsinde la vavu | |
| Tsinde la valve yopindika | Bwezerani tsinde la valve | |
| Pamwamba pa kalozera wakuda wa mbale ya valve kapena thupi la valve | Chotsani dothi pa kalozera |
Zindikirani: Wothandizira ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso choyenera komanso chidziwitso ndi mavavu Madzi osindikizira chipata valavu
Kulongedza kwa boneti ndi njira yosindikizira madzi, imasiyanitsidwa ndi mpweya pomwe kuthamanga kwamadzi kumafika ku 0.6 ~ 1.0MP kutsimikizira kusindikiza kwa mpweya wabwino.
5.Chitsimikizo:
Vavu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi ya chitsimikizo cha valavu ndi miyezi 12, koma sichidutsa miyezi 18 kuchokera tsiku lobadwa. Pa nthawi ya chitsimikizo, wopanga adzapereka ntchito yokonza kapena zida zosinthira kwaulere chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zinthu, kapangidwe kake kapena kuwonongeka ngati ntchitoyo ili yolondola.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-10-2020